Jitendran Muthuswamy

20130070436, Mar 21, 2013

Oct 24, 2012

13/659660

Arizona Board of Regents, a body corporate for - Scottsdale AZ, US
Jitendran Muthuswamy - Chandler AZ, US

of Arizona - Scottsdale AZ

H05K 7/00
B23K 1/20
B05D 5/10

361760, 4272071, 2282481

Interconnect and/or reflow methods of the present disclosure achieve high aspect ratio interconnects, for example interconnects having an aspect ratio as high as 4, in addition to wider interconnect height tolerances among interconnects (for example, interconnects having a height variability of up to about 30%) while still achieving reliable electrical connections. Moreover, flip-chip interconnects configured in accordance with principles of the present disclosure can provide improved z-axis spacing between die-to-die and/or die-to-substrate flip chip stacks, for example z-axis spacing as large as 600 μm. In this manner, additional spacing can be achieved for MEMS devices and/or similar components that are extendable and/or deformable out of the die plane.

20130134604, May 30, 2013

Dec 11, 2012

13/711118

Arizona Board of Regents, a body corporate for the State of Arizona acting for and on behalf of Arizona State - Scottsdale AZ, US
Jitendran Muthuswamy - Chandler AZ, US

Arizona Board of Regents, a body corporate for the State of Arizona acting for and on behalf of Ariz - Scottsdale AZ

B81B 7/00
B81C 3/00

257777, 438107

Systems and methods of the present disclosure provide for three-dimensional stacks of microelectromechanical (MEMS) systems, such as sensors. The stacks may be encapsulated and sealed, and can be positioned within biological tissue, for example to monitor biological signals within the volume of the sensor, provide stimulating signals to a brain, and so forth.

20050173267, Aug 11, 2005

Aug 13, 2004

10/917910

Jitendran Muthuswamy - Chandler AZ, US
Anhong Zhou - Logan UT, US

G01N027/26

205792000, 204403010

Acoustic impedance immunosensors are disclosed that are capable of real-time measurement of GABA in a buffer solution. Several embodiments include a bio-specific recognition layer on a quartz crystal surface, where the bio-recognition layer is formed by molecular self-assembly on a gold electrode surface. Various real time measurements can be made by examining the impedance parameters of the quartz crystal on which the bio-specific recognition layer is located as it interacts with GABA. In one embodiment, the invention includes an electrochemical cell that possesses a working electrode. The working electrode including a layer of piezoelectric material, at least one electrode layer fixed to the piezoelectric material and a bio-specific recognition layer formed on the electrode layer and including anti-GABA. In addition, an electrochemical workstation is connected to at least one electrode of the electrochemical cell and an impedance analyzer is connected to the working electrode.

20210331925, Oct 28, 2021

Aug 4, 2017

16/322759

- Scottsdale AZ, US
Jitendran Muthuswamy - Chandler AZ, US

C01B 32/174
C09D 7/61
H01B 1/24
C08K 3/04

A soft conductive composition can include: a crosslinked silicone composition; and single-walled or multi-walled carbon nanotubes in the silicone composition. A neural probe or other implant can include the soft conducive composition on a least a portion of the implant body. A method of making an implant can include: selecting PDMS precursors; cross-linking the PDMS precursor to obtain an elastic modulus of about 3-9 kPa or +/−1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, or 50%; selecting the carbon nanotubes; introducing the carbon nanotubes into the crosslinked PDMS to form a soft conductive composite composition; and coating the soft conductive composite composition onto at least a portion of an implant. A method of measuring properties at a neural interface can include: providing a neural probe having a soft conductive composition; implanting the neural probe having the soft conductive composition at a neural interface; and measuring a property with the neural probe.

20210275091, Sep 9, 2021

Mar 9, 2021

17/196306

Jitendran Muthuswamy - Chandler AZ, US

Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of Arizona State University - Scottsdale AZ

A61B 5/00
A61B 5/0265
A61N 1/36
A61N 1/05

Rapid assessment of microcirculation in tissue to realize closed-loop systems is provided. Microcirculatory assessment systems according to embodiments described herein allow a user to assess changes in local blood flow in microvasculature in real-time using conventional electrical techniques. Some embodiments provide a closed-loop system that allows calibrated doses of electrical stimulation to be delivered in a deep brain stimulation (DBS) system depending on blood flow changes (in specific regions of the brain) being fed back to a controller. The approach described here is readily translatable with very minimal changes to existing hardware. Such closed-loop systems will improve the accuracy of electrode placement in DBS surgery and potentially reduce surgery time, optimize the delivery of electrical stimulation, increase battery life of implantable DBS systems, reduce post-surgical visits to medical practitioners and improve the quality of life of patients.

20210278450, Sep 9, 2021

Mar 9, 2021

17/196324

Jitendran Muthuswamy - Chandler AZ, US

Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of Arizona State University - Scottsdale AZ

G01R 27/08
G01R 31/389

Systems and methods to determine an electrochemical impedance spectrogram (EIS) rapidly in real time are provided. Embodiments described herein provide an approach to determine an EIS rapidly (e.g., much less than one second) over a wide band of frequencies. Since the EIS is a foundational diagnostic that is used in a wide variety of applications involving electrochemical events, the proposed approach will significantly impact a wide range of applications. Novel waveforms and systems analysis techniques are used to determine the electrochemical impedance over a wide range of frequencies simultaneously. Embodiments can be readily integrated into conventional electrochemical workstations and embedded devices. Other embodiments can be instantiated into custom-made hardware depending on the needs of a given application. The speed and resolution of the EIS obtained using this approach can be tailored to a wide variety of applications.

20210220668, Jul 22, 2021

Apr 8, 2021

17/225711

- Scottsdale AZ, US
Michael Goryll - Mesa AZ, US
Dixie Kullman - Casa Grande AZ, US
Jitendran Muthuswamy - Chandler AZ, US
Jennifer Blain Christen - Chandler AZ, US

A61N 5/06

A system and method for modulating optogenetic vagus neurons in a noninvasive and transcutaneous manner is disclosed. The system and method comprises a two-dimensional array of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), a voltage-generating unit, a control unit, and a feedback loop. The array is placed on a subject's outer ear. Because the array is flexible, it can be closely placed on the skin of the outer ear. The array can deliver optical therapy and monitor heart rate variability (HRV) of the subject simultaneously, and the pixels of the array can be individually addressed. The voltage-generating unit generates pulsed voltage to the OLEDs. The control unit is connected to the array and controls the array and therapeutic patterns. The feedback loop uses the HRV to identify the therapeutic patterns.

20210121129, Apr 29, 2021

Sep 28, 2020

17/035068

Jitendran Muthuswamy - Chandler AZ, US
Sivakumar Palaniswamy - Tempe AZ, US

Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of Arizona State University - Scottsdale AZ

A61B 5/00
A61N 1/05
A61B 5/0538
A61B 5/24

A microelectromechanical device and method for neuroprosthetics comprises microactuators and microelectrodes. The microelectrodes are to be positioned in a nerve bundle and bonded with the microactuators through an interconnect. The position of each of the microactuators can be individually tuned through control signals so that the microelectrodes are implanted at desired positions in the nerve bundle. The control signals are transmitted to the microactuators and generated with a open-loop or closed-loop control scheme that uses signals acquired by the microelectrodes from the nerve bundle as feedback.