Nagendra R Krishnapura

6671341, Dec 30, 2003

Sep 17, 1999

09/398371

Peter Kinget - Aliso Viejo CA
Nagendra Krishnapura - New York NY

Agere Systems, Inc. - Berkeley Heights NJ

H03D 324

375373, 375376

A system for generating a glitch-free output signal having a frequency. The system comprises a frequency divider for receiving a signal having an input frequency, wherein the frequency divider is configured to generate a plurality of corresponding phase-shifted signals. A retimer is coupled to the frequency divider and is configured to receive the phase-shifted signals and to generate multiplexer input signals for receipt by a multiplexer. The retimer is further configured to receive retimer control signals and to generate corresponding multiplexer control signals. The multiplexer is coupled to the retimer and has input terminals configured to receive the multiplexer input signals. The multiplexer is controlled by the multiplexer control signals so as to alternately and successively provide at its output terminal one of the multiplexer input signals. As the signal level of each phase-shifted signal transitions between a âhighâ position and a âlowâ position, the multiplexer control signals are configured to be employed at a time corresponding to the time when a phase-shifted signal experiences a transition.

6683492, Jan 27, 2004

Jan 28, 2003

10/353199

Nagendra Krishnapura - Hoboken NJ
Yannis P. Tsividis - New York NY

The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York - New York NY

H03B 100

327552

Techniques are provided for the implementation of dynamically biased circuits. In these circuits, bias currents are varied according to signal amplitude. Benefits include reduced power dissipation, reduced noise, and increased dynamic range. The techniques can be employed in various types of circuits such as, for example, amplifiers, log-domain circuits, and filters.

6717461, Apr 6, 2004

Jan 28, 2003

10/353201

Nagendra Krishnapura - Hoboken NJ
Yannis P. Tsividis - New York NY

The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York - NY

H03B 100

327552

Techniques are provided for the implementation of dynamically biased circuits. In these circuits, bias currents are varied according to signal amplitude. Benefits include reduced power dissipation, reduced noise, and increased dynamic range. The techniques can be employed in various types of circuits such as, for example, amplifiers, log-domain circuits, and filters.

6816003, Nov 9, 2004

Feb 5, 2001

09/777831

Nagendra Krishnapura - Hoboken NJ
Yannis P. Tsividis - New York NY

The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York - New York NY

H03B 100

327552

Techniques are provided for the implementation of dynamically biased circuits. In these circuits, bias currents are varied according to signal amplitude. Benefits include reduced power dissipation, reduced noise, and increased dynamic range. The techniques can be employed in various types of circuits such as, for example, amplifiers, log-domain circuits, and filters.

6861896, Mar 1, 2005

Jan 28, 2003

10/353200

Yannis P. Tsividis - New York NY, US
Nagendra Krishnapura - Hoboken NJ, US

The Trustees of Columbia University of the City of New York - New York NY

H03B001/00

327552

Techniques are provided for the implementation of dynamically biased circuits. In these circuits, bias currents are varied according to signal amplitude. Benefits include reduced power dissipation, reduced noise, and increased dynamic range. The techniques can be employed in various types of circuits such as, for example, amplifiers, log-domain circuits, and filters.

7076169, Jul 11, 2006

Feb 28, 2002

10/087022

Isaac Shpantzer - Bethesda MD, US
Yehouda Meiman - Rishon Letzion, IL
Michael Tseytlin - Bethesda MD, US
Olga Ritterbush - Rockville MD, US
Aviv Salamon - Washington DC, US
Peter Feldman - Short Hills NJ, US
Alper Demir - Istanbul, TR
Peter Kinget - Summit NJ, US
Nagendra Krishnapura - Hoboken NJ, US
Jaijeet Roychowdhury - Minneapolis MN, US

CeLight, Inc. - Silver Spring MD

H04J 14/06
H04J 4/00
H04B 10/00
H04B 10/04
H04B 10/06

398 76, 398 65, 398 74, 398152, 398163, 398184, 398185, 398205

A system for optical communication send optical signals over a plurality of wavelength channels. Each wavelength channel comprises a number of orthogonal subchannel frequencies which are spaced apart from one another by a predetermined amount. Each of the subchannel frequencies is modulated with data from a data stream. The data modulation scheme splits a subchannel frequency code into H and V components, and further processes the components prior to modulation with data. The various data-modulated subchannels are then combined into a single channel for transmission. The received signals are detected and demodulated with the help of a symbol timing recovery module which establishes the beginning and end of each symbol. A polarization mode distortion compensation module at the receiver is used to mitigate the effects to polarization more distortion in the fiber.

7167651, Jan 23, 2007

Sep 26, 2001

09/962243

Isaac Shpantzer - Bethesda MD, US
Michael Tseytlin - Bethesda MD, US
Yaakov Achiam - Rockville MD, US
Aviv Salamon - Washington DC, US
Israel Smilanski - Rockville MD, US
Olga Ritterbush - Rockville MD, US
Pak Shing Cho - Gaithersburg MD, US
Li Guoliang - North Potomac MD, US
Jacob Khurgin - Baltimore MD, US
Yehouda Meiman - Rishon Letzion, IL
Alper Demir - Jersey City NJ, US
Peter Feldman - Short Hills NJ, US
Peter Kinget - Summit NJ, US
Nagendra Krishnapura - Hoboken NJ, US
Jaijeet Roychowdhury - Minneapolis MN, US
Joseph Schwarzwalder - Gaithersburg MD, US
Charles Sciabarra - Ellicott City MD, US

CeLight, Inc. - Silver Spring MD

H04J 4/00
H04B 10/00
H04B 10/04
H04B 10/06

398 77, 398 74, 398152, 398184, 398205

A system for optical communication forms a family of orthogonal optical codes modulated by a data stream. The orthogonal codes are formed by creating a stream of evenly spaced-apart pulses using a pulse spreader circuit and modulating the pulses in amplitude and/or phase to form a family of orthogonal optical code words, each representing a symbol. A spreader calibration circuit is used to ensure accurate timing and modulation. Each code word is further modulated by a predetermined number of data bits. The data modulation scheme splits a code word into H and V components, and further processes the components prior to modulation with data, followed by recombining with a polarization beam combiner. The data-modulated code word is then sent, along with others to receiver. The received signal is detected and demodulated with the help of a symbol synchronization unit which establishes the beginning and end of the code words.

62817213, Aug 28, 2001

Feb 24, 2000

9/511987

Peter R. Kinget - Aliso Viejo CA
Nagendra Krishnapura - New York NY

Lucent Technologies, Inc. - Murray Hill NJ

H03K 2100

327115

We have recognized that the design and programming complexity associated with conventional frequency divider configurations can be significantly reduced by a configuration of functionally identical, modular division blocks which are each able to swallow at least one input cycle of a input signal by switching to a phase-lagging output once per output cycle. The number of input pulses swallowed when a division block switches to a lagging waveform is a direct function of the division block's location in the chain, such that the number of input cycles swallowed per phase switch increases moving down the chain of division blocks. Therefore, the chain of division blocks has discrete elements for achieving most-significant to least-significant division factor increments. The total number of input cycles swallowed by the chain of division blocks equals the sum of cycles swallowed by each division block. Thus, to achieve a variety of division factors, a controller controls which, if any, division blocks switch to a phase-lagging waveform once each output cycle.