Calvin F Quate

6346189, Feb 12, 2002

Aug 14, 1998

09/133948

Hongjie Dai - Sunnyvale CA
Calvin F. Quate - Stanford CA
Hyongsok Soh - Stanford CA
Jing Kong - Stanford CA

The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University - Palo Alto CA

G01B 528

205766, 423445 R, 423453, 73105

The present invention includes several nanotube structures which can be made using catalyst islands disposed on a substrate (e. g. silicon, alumina, or quartz) or on the free end of an atomic force microscope cantilever. The catalyst islands are capable of catalyzing the growth of carbon nanotubes from carbon containing gases (e. g. methane). The present invention includes an island of catalyst material (such as Fe O ) disposed on the substrate with a carbon nanotube extending from the island. Also included in the present invention is a pair of islands with a nanotube extending between the islands, electrically connecting them. Conductive metal lines connected to the islands (which may be a few microns on a side) allows for external circuitry to connect to the nanotube. Such a structure can be used in many different electronic and microelectromechanical devices. For example, a nanotube connected between two islands can function as a resonator if the substrate beneath the nanotube is etched away.

6401526, Jun 11, 2002

Dec 10, 1999

09/467096

Hongjie Dai - Sunnyvale CA
Calvin F. Quate - Stanford CA
Robert J. Chen - Palo Alto CA

The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University - Stanford CA

G01B 5028

73105, 4234473

Single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) probe-tips for atomic force microscopy (AFM) are realized by direct synthesis of SWNTs on silicon pyramids integrated onto AFM cantilevers. The growth of SWNT tips involves dip coating of silicon pyramids with a liquid phase catalyst followed by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using methane. Van der Waals interactions between the silicon pyramidal surface and the nanotube ensure proper SWNT orientation. Production of large scale arrays of nanotube probe tips using contact printing and controllably shortening nanotubes in an inert discharge are also described.

6436647, Aug 20, 2002

Mar 19, 2001

09/812706

Calvin F. Quate - Stanford CA
Mark O. Trulson - San Jose CA
Scott R. Manales - Santa Barbara CA
Jonathan E. Forman - San Jose CA

Affymetrix, Inc. - Santa Clara CA

C12Q 168

435 6, 435526

A method of using micromechanical devices as sensors for detecting chemical interactions between naturally occurring bio-polymers which are non-identical binding partners is provided. The method is useful whether the reactions occur through electrostatic forces or other forces. Induced stress, heat, or change in mass is detected where a binding partner is placed on a cantilever for possible reaction with an analyte molecules (i. e. , a non-identical binding partner). The method is particularly useful in determining DNA hybridization but may be useful in detecting interaction in any chemical assay.

6441359, Aug 27, 2002

Oct 7, 1999

09/414674

Kenneth B. Cozier - Stanford CA
Daniel A. Fletcher - Menlo Park CA
Gordon S. Kino - Stanford CA
Calvin F. Quate - Stanford CA
Hyongsok T. Soh - Stanford CA

The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University - Palo Alto CA

G02B 702

250216, 250234

A solid immersion lens integrated on a flexible support such as a cantilever or membrane is described, together with a method of forming the integrated structure.

6480324, Nov 12, 2002

Jun 14, 2001

09/880058

Calvin F. Quate - Stanford CA
David Stern - Mountain View CA

Affymetrix, Inc. - Santa Clara CA

G02B 2608

359298, 359291, 359223, 359224, 348203, 345 84

An improved optical photolithography system and method provides predetermined light patterns generated by a direct write system without the use of photomasks. The Direct Write System provides predetermined light patterns projected on the surface of a substrate (e. g. , a wafer) by using a computer controlled component for dynamically generating the predetermined light pattern, e. g. , a spatial light modulator. Image patterns are stored in a computer and through electronic control of the spatial light modulator directly illuminate the wafer to define a portion of the polymer array, rather than being defined by a pattern on a photomask. Thus, in the Direct Write System each pixel is illuminated with an optical beam of suitable intensity and the imaging (printing) of an individual feature is determined by computer control of the spatial light modulator at each photolithographic step without the use of a photomask. The Direct Write System including a spatial light modulator is particularly useful in the synthesis of DNA arrays and provides an efficient element for polymer array synthesis by using spatial light modulators to generate a predetermined light pattern that defines the image patterns of a polymer array to be deprotected.

6519221, Feb 11, 2003

Oct 6, 2000

09/680290

Scott Manalis - Santa Barbara CA
Emily B. Cooper - Cambridge MA
Calvin F. Quate - Stanford CA

Massachusetts Institute of Technology - Cambridge MA
The Board of Trustees of Leland Stanford Junior University - Palo Alto CA

G11B 700

369126, 250306

An atomic force microscope (AFM) tipped with a single-wall conductive nanotube is operated to write bits onto a metal substrate by oxidizing the surface. The oxidized microregions project above an otherwise flat surface, and can therefore be detectedâthat is, the written bits can be readâusing the same AFM arrangement.

6770472, Aug 3, 2004

Nov 13, 2001

09/993338

Scott R. Manalis - Santa Barbara CA
Stephen C. Minne - Danville IL
Calvin F. Quate - Menlo Park CA

The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University - Palo Alto CA

C12M 134

4352872, 4352883, 20440303, 20440313

The present invention provides an apparatus and method for nucleotide or DNA sequencing by monitoring the molecular charge configuration as the DNA moves through a protein that is capable of transcribing the DNA. The apparatus and method provides a nanoscale electrometer that immobilizes the protein. The protein receives the DNA and transcribes the DNA. The nanoscale electrometer is a sensitive device that is capable of sensing and measuring the electronic charge that is released during the transcription process. The apparatus and method of the present invention further provides monitoring means that are attached to the nanoscale electrometer to monitor the electronic charge configuration as the DNA moves through the protein. Once the electronic charge configuration is established, a correlation is computed, using computing means, between the electronic charge configuration and a nucleotide signature of the DNA.

6935167, Aug 30, 2005

Mar 15, 2004

10/801394

Ozgur Sahin - Stanford CA, US
Abdullah Atalar - Ankara, TR
Calvin F. Quate - Menlo Park CA, US
Olav Solgaard - Stanford CA, US

The Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanford Junior University - Stanford CA

H01J037/00

73105

A harmonic cantilever for use in a tapping-mode atomic force microscope includes a cantilever arm and a probe tip. The cantilever arm has a shape selected to tune the fundamental resonance frequency or a resonance frequency of a selected higher order mode so that the fundamental and higher-order resonance frequencies have an integer ratio or near integer ratio. In one embodiment, the cantilever arm can be shaped to tune the fundamental resonance frequency. Alternately, the cantilever arm can include a geometric feature for tuning the resonance frequency of the fundamental mode or the selected higher order mode. An imaging method using the harmonic cantilever is disclosed whereby signals at the higher harmonics are measured to determine the material properties of a sample. In other embodiment, a cantilever includes a probe tip positioned at a location of minimum displacement of unwanted harmonics for suppressing signals associated with the unwanted harmonics.